New technological links with increased efficiency in weed control at the rape crop

Gheorghe Măturaru, Mihaela Cergan, Elena Partal

NARDI Fundulea

Keywords: weeds, herbicides, time of application, selectivity and efficacy.

 Abstract: Rapeseed is one of the most popular cultivated plants, it belongs to the Brassicaceae (Crucifera) family, the Brassica genus, which includes 34 species, of which only five are cultivated for the oil used for human consumption, the production of biodiesel fuel and fodder. Weed control is the main care work for rapeseed crops, being necessary to eliminate the competition of weed species present from the early stages of their appearance and development.The presence of weeds in rapeseed crops is a reality, their predominance being influenced by the crop area, technological links, the preceding plant and local pedoclimatic conditions.
In the rape experience carried out in the experimental field at the NARDI - Fundulea, the crop showed a high infestation degree of weeds -74%, extremely diversified annual dicotyledons: Anthemis arvense, Capsella bursa pastoris,Chenopodium album,Galium aparine, Papaver rhoase Veronica hederifolia and monocotyledon: Volunteer cereals.
Post-emergence (BBCH 12-13) herbicide treatments (Gajus 2,25 l/ha + Targa Max 0,5 l/ha; Gajus 3.0 l/ha + Targa Max 0,5 l/ha and Gajus 3.0 l/ha) and one variant with 1 mechanical weeding in the growth and development stage of BBCH 16-18 rapeseed crops were used to control weeds in rapeseed crops. The research focused on technological sequences, physiological aspects (plant height, number of branches, number of siliques, development of the root system), crop selectivity and combating weed species by applying herbicide treatments without negative impact on the environment.
The chemical control of the weed species existing in the culture, on the type of cambic chernozem soil from Fundulea, represents an especially important and necessary technological measure. In the field of weed control, the main objective is to reduce the degree of infestation and, last but not least, to identify the most effective combinations of substances, so as to reduce both the impact on the environment and the costs per hectare.
The damage caused by weeds can be diverse and often lead to a decrease in production, an increase in costs, a deterioration in the quality of products, weeds being ideal hosts for pathogens and pests.