The dynamics of foliar diseases of wheat in the climate of Transylvania Plain

Laura Şopterean¹, Loredana Suciu ^1,2, Adina-Daniela Tărău¹, Ana-Maria Vălean¹,Camelia Mic²

¹ARDS Turda
²UASVM Cluj Napoca

Keywords: wheat, foliar diseases, pathogens, rust, dynamics.

 Abstract: Wheat, the oldest and most valuable worldwide crop, is susceptible to various foliar diseases that can significantly impact its yield and quality. This paper aims to present the dynamics of the main foliar diseases affecting wheat, caused by pathogens present in the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda region. During the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 growing seasons, an assortment of six winter wheat genotypes were subjected to weekly monitoring for foliar diseases. The cultivation practices employed were the standard methods for this location, but without the application of fungicides. The experimental field observations revealed that these two agricultural years were conducive for the emergence and progression of wheat foliar diseases. The pathogens Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici and Zymoseptoria tritici caused a high attack degree. Additionally, during the vegetation period, the wheat crop's foliage was also affected by Puccinia striiformis and Puccinia recondita, pathogens that appear with increasing frequency and intensity.