Stability of yield capacity and quality parameters in maize hybrids sown in different seasons

Alina Şimon¹, Felicia Cheţan¹, Andrei Varga¹, Camelia Urdă¹, Alin Popa¹, Florin Russu¹,
Nicolae Tritean¹, Emanuela Filip¹, Marius Aipătioaie^1,2

¹ARDS Turd
² UASVM Cluj Napoca

Keywords: quality, yield capacity, sowing date, maize, stability

Abstract: In the context of current climate change characterized by an increase in air temperature, corroborated with episodes of drought throughout the maize growing season, the identification of hybrids that manage to maximize unfavorable environmental conditions by obtaining stable yields in time and space becomes imperative. In this regard, at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, a field experiment was conducted in 5 different years in terms of climatic conditions (2020-2024). The biological material consisted of 7 hybrids, from different FAO groups, created at ARDS Turda (Turda 248, Turda 165, Turda 201, Turda Star, Turda 332, Turda 344, Turda 335). The hybrids were sown at 3 different sowing dates (6°C, 8°C and 10°C), depending on the soil temperature measured in the morning at 8 o'clock. The results obtained highlight a pronounced stability of the yield capacity obtained by the Turda 332 hybrid. As expected, the response of cultivars to sowing at different dates varied depending on the genetic factor, however, the importance of maize sowing at the optimal time is obvious. Regarding quality, it varied in particular depending on the genotype.