The Stability of New Corn Hybrids Created at ARDS Turda, at the Stress of Different Sowing Densities

Carmen Vana, Andrei Varga, Voichița Haș, Roxana Călugăr

Staţiunea de Cercetare-Dezvoltare Agricolă Turda

Keywords: hybrid, density, yield, stability.

Abstract: The sowing density is the most dynamic technological factor and is established according to the duration of the vegetation period (FAO group), the architecture of the plant, the water reserve in the soil and implicitly the degree of supply of the soil with nutrients. Grain production correlates positively with the increase in sowing density up to certain limits and negatively with the individual production of each plant.
A number of seven hybrids created at ARDS Turda: Turda 248, Turda Star, Turda 332, Turda 344, Turda 335, Turda 380 and SUR 18/399, tested at four tenths of sowing: 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 plants/ha, in two experimental years, of which five hybrids registered between 2012 and 2022.
Analyzing the results of the seven hybrids studied, the highest yields were obtained for the following hybrids: Turda 248, Turda Star, Turda 332, Turda 344 and SUR 18/399 and were made both in interaction with the density of 60,000 plants/ ha and with a density of 70,000 plants/ ha, and for the hybrids Turda 380 and Turda 335 the highest productions were made at a density of 70,000 plants/ ha (12,036 kg/ha and 10,782 kg/ha).
Based on the data obtained in the two years of experimentation, the densities of 80,000 plants/ha and 90,000 plants/ha constituted a stress on the production of the seven hybrids in the environmental conditions from Turda.
The hybrid SUR 18/399, is the hybrid that has the highest stability in all four tenths of sowing, and Turda Star, Turda 344 and Turda 248 although they obtained average yields of the four tenths between 8,378-9,980 kg/ha, showing a specific stability of production under unfavorable conditions (high densities).