Yield Dynamics and Harvest Increases under the Influence of Mineral Fertilization on Maize Crop

 Ovidiu Adrian Ceclan, Alina Şimon, Florin Russu, Nicolae Tritean, Felicia Cheţan, Marius Bărdaş, Alin Popa

Staţiunea de Cercetare-Dezvoltare Agricolă Turda

Keywords: maize, the influence of fertilization, production dynamics, increased yield.

Abstract: Corn, although a large nutrient-consuming plant, the crop is closely related to the humidity conditions, depending in particular on the distribution of rainfall during the growing season. The period when corn consumes large amounts of nutrients overlaps with the period when it also consumes large amounts of water, and the drought in July and August greatly reduces production.
In the area of ​​the chernozems in the Transylvanian Plain, although they are well-fertile soils, fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, are well used in maize cultivation on these soils, in addition to nitrogen fertilization, phosphorus fertilization is also required. Under these conditions, climatic factors, not only the temperature but also the water influences the normal development of the corn, capitalization of the applied fertilizers and finally the level of the realized productions. The study presents the evolution in time of the maize hybrids cultivated at ARDS Turda during 1971-2021 in the with long-term experiments of NP fertilizers.
Experimental variants:

• Factor A: were analyzed cycles of 5 years 1971-1975, 1981-1985, 1991-1995, respectively, 2017-2021;
• Factor B: phosphorus doses with 5 graduations each P₀ P₄₀ P₈₀ P₁₂₀ P₂₀₀;
• Factor C: nitrogen doses N₀ N₅₀ N₁₀₀ N₁₅₀ N₂₀₀.

The dynamics of yields and harvests increases under the influence of fertilization also show the evolution of maize hybrids over a longer period of time in the conditions of the Transylvanian Plain.